Tag: University of Michigan
Michigan Nutrition Obesity Research Center Annual Symposium
The MNORC symposium provides a forum for intellectual exchange on topics related to obesity, nutrition and metabolomics among established investigators, junior faculty, students and other researchers at the University and surrounding area. Register here
Categories: News Tags: University of MichiganUniversity of Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core – Pilot and Feasibility Program
The University of Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core (MRC)2 requests proposals for funding during the 2017 grant year (RFA found here). The Pilot and Feasibility program is intended to provide opportunities for investigators to advance basic, clinical and translational biomedical science by incorporating metabolomic technologies into their research program. The goal of this program is to enable investigators to generate a sufficient body of preliminary information for a successful application for major research funding from NIH or other national granting agencies. Submission Deadline: Tuesday, March 16, 2017 Award Cycle: July 1, 2017 – June 30, 2018 Discipline/Subject Area: Metabolomics Funding Available: 50,000 Submission: Apply through the University of Michigan … Read More »
Categories: Funding Tags: University of MichiganPhysical Activity Good for Your Health, But What’s Happening Below the Surface?
New grant from National Institutes of Health will allow U-M researchers to focus on molecular changes that occur during and after exercise The University of Michigan was recently awarded $8.2 million from the National Institutes of Health to investigate the molecular changes that occur during and after physical activity. U-M is one of several centers throughout the United States to receive a grant from the NIH to participate in the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC). The 6-year funding will begin this month and will allow U-M to establish the Michigan Chemical Analysis Site within the Consortium. The Consortium … Read More »
Categories: Featured News, News Tags: University of MichiganLow FODMAP Diet and IBS
A new study from University of Michigan finds a change in diet, can help people treat Irritable Bowel Syndrome. It’s based on a low FODMAP diet. FODMAP, a frequently recommended diet, which stands for Fermentable Oligo-Di-Monosaccharides and Polyols. FODMAPS are different types of sugar and fiber that ferment and cause G.I. symptoms in some people. A new study from University of Michigan finds a change in diet, can help people treat Irritable Bowel Syndrome. The diet excludes many compounds found in wheat, some fruits and vegetables, garlic, onions and sugar substitutes. Gastroenterologist, Dr. William Chey and registered dietitian Lauren Van … Read More »
Categories: Featured News, News Tags: University of MichiganHypothalamic POMC Deficiency Improves Glucose Tolerance Despite Insulin Resistance by Increasing Glycosuria
Abstract Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) is essential for the physiological regulation of energy balance; however, its role in glucose homeostasis remains less clear. We show that hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc)POMC-deficient mice, which develop severe obesity and insulin resistance, unexpectedly exhibit improved glucose tolerance and remain protected from hyperglycemia. To explain these paradoxical phenotypes, we hypothesized that an insulin-independent pathway is responsible for the enhanced glucose tolerance. Indeed, the mutant mice demonstrated increased glucose effectiveness and exaggerated glycosuria relative to wild-type littermate controls at comparable blood glucose concentrations. Central administration of the melanocortin receptor agonist melanotan II in mutant mice reversed alterations … Read More »
Categories: Publications Tags: University of MichiganVolume and Value of Big Healthcare Data
Abstract Modern scientific inquiries require significant data-driven evidence and trans-disciplinary expertise to extract valuable information and gain actionable knowledge about natural processes. Effective evidence-based decisions require collection, processing and interpretation of vast amounts of complex data. The Moore’s and Kryder’s laws of exponential increase of computational power and information storage, respectively, dictate the need rapid trans-disciplinary advances, technological innovation and effective mechanisms for managing and interrogating Big Healthcare Data. In this article, we review important aspects of Big Data analytics and discuss important questions like: What are the challenges and opportunities associated with this biomedical, social, and healthcare data avalanche? … Read More »
Categories: Publications Tags: University of MichiganObesity-Associated Biomarkers and Executive Function in Children
Abstract There is a growing focus on links between obesity and cognitive decline in adulthood, including Alzheimer’s disease. It is also increasingly recognized that obesity in youth is associated with poorer cognitive function, specifically executive functioning skills such as inhibitory control and working memory, which are critical for academic achievement. Emerging literature provides evidence for possible biological mechanisms driven by obesity; obesity-associated biomarkers such as adipokines, obesity-associated inflammatory cytokines, and obesity-associated gut hormones have been associated with learning, memory, and general cognitive function. To date, examination of obesity-associated biology with brain function has primarily occurred in animal models. The few … Read More »
Categories: Publications Tags: University of MichiganIslet 1 Specifies the Identity of Hypothalamic Melanocortin Neurons and is Critical for Normal Food Intake and Adiposity in Adulthood
Abstract Food intake and body weight regulation depend on a group of hypothalamic neurons that release satiety-induced neuropeptides known as melanocortins. Central melanocortins are encoded by the proopiomelanocortin gene (Pomc), and mice and humans carrying deleterious mutations in the Pomc gene display hyperphagia and severe obesity. Although the importance of these neurons is well understood, the genetic program that establishes hypothalamic melanocortin neurons and maintains normal Pomc expression levels remains unknown. Here, we combined molecular neuroanatomical and biochemical analyses with functional genetic studies in transgenic mice and zebrafish and discovered that the transcription factor Islet 1 determines the identity of … Read More »
Categories: Publications Tags: University of MichiganMaximal Oxidative Capacity During Exercise is Associated with Skeletal Muscle Fuel Selection and Dynamic Changes in Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation
Abstract Maximal exercise-associated oxidative capacity is strongly correlated with health and longevity in humans. Rats selectively bred for high running capacity (HCR) have improved metabolic health and are longer-lived than their low-capacity counterparts (LCR). Using metabolomic and proteomic profiling, we show that HCR efficiently oxidize fatty acids (FAs) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), sparing glycogen and reducing accumulation of short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines. HCR mitochondria have reduced acetylation of mitochondrial proteins within oxidative pathways at rest, and there is rapid protein deacetylation with exercise, which is greater in HCR than LCR. Fluxomic analysis of valine degradation with exercise demonstrates a … Read More »
Categories: Publications Tags: University of MichiganAlphalinolenic Acid (ALA) is Inversely Related to Development of Adiposity in School-Age Children
Abstract Studies in adults indicate that dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition may play a role in development of adiposity. Because adipocyte quantity is established between late childhood and early adolescence, understanding the impact of PUFAs on weight gain during the school-age years is crucial to developing effective interventions. Citation Perng W, Villamor E, Mora-Plazas M, Marin C, Baylin A. Alphalinolenic acid (ALA) is inversely related to development of adiposity in school-age children. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Feb;69(2):167-72. PMID: 25271016; PMCID: PMC4648352. Read More: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Research Details Research Center: University of Michigan
Categories: Publications Tags: University of Michigan